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DSM-IV mental disorders and neurological complications in children and adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection (HIV-1)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

D. Misdrahi ,
G. Vila ,
I. Funk-Brentano ,
M. Tardieu ,
S. Blanche  and
M.C. Mouren-Simeoni
D. Misdrahi
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015Paris, France
G. Vila*
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015Paris, France
I. Funk-Brentano
Affiliation:
Immunology and Hematology Pediatric Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015Paris, France
M. Tardieu
Affiliation:
Pediatric Neurology Department, CHU de Bicêtre, le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
S. Blanche
Affiliation:
Immunology and Hematology Pediatric Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015Paris, France
M.C. Mouren-Simeoni
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015Paris, France
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail address: cmp.tiphaine@wanadoo.fr (G. Vila).
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Abstract

Aim

To study the types of psychiatric problem encountered in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and their relationship to central nervous system disorder and the severity of infection.

Methods

17 HIV-infected children presenting with psychiatric problems were included. Mental disorders were evaluated according to DSM-IV criteria. Neurological disorders and progressive encephalopathy (presence or absence) diagnosis were evaluated by clinical and radiological examination. The severity of infection was assessed by the percentage of CD4 lymphocytes.

Results

The most frequent diagnoses were major depression (MDD: 47%) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD: 29%). Major depression diagnosis was significantly associated with neuroimaging or clinical neurological abnormalities (p < 0.01). In contrast, no association was found between hyperactivity diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria and central nervous system disorder. Percentage of CD4 lymphocytes were close to 0 for more than 80% of children presenting with psychiatric complications.

Conclusion

The very low % of CD4 lymphocytes of these children suggest that the appearance of a psychiatric complication should be regarded as a factor indicating severe HIV infection. Depressive disorders may be a clinical form of encephalopathy.

Keywords

Human immunodeficiency virusMental disordersCD4 lymphocytesEncephalopathy
Type
Case report
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , May 2004 , pp. 182 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 European Psychiatric Association

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