Original articleHospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus among California infants: Disparities related to race, insurance, and geography
Section snippets
Methods
Retrospective analyses of RSV-coded infant hospitalizations were performed by using the California patient discharge data for 1999 to 2003. All discharge records for infants younger than 1 year of age (excluding newborn infants) with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code for any RSV-related illness (466.11, 480.1, or 079.6) among any of the 25 diagnosis fields were selected for analysis. RSV-related illnesses included RSV
Results
RSV bronchiolitis was the leading cause of infant hospitalizations in California between 1999 and 2003 (Figure 1). A total of 45,330 infant RSV illnesses among any of the 25 diagnosis fields were identified from the patient discharge files between 1999 and 2003. Of all infant hospitalizations occurring in California, any RSV illness accounted for 12.8%, 12.0%, 11.6%, 12.7%, and 10.2% between 1999 and 2003, respectively. This represents a rate per 1000 live births of 19.0 (95% CI, 18.6 to 19.4),
Discussion
RSV was the leading cause of infant hospitalization in California each year during the study period (1999 to 2003), with 12% of all infant hospitalizations having an RSV associated illness. Our results are consistent with national data reporting RSV bronchiolitis as the primary cause of hospitalization among infants.8 In California, RSV occurs in seasonal epidemics with peaks occurring in the winter months similar to patterns reported nationally.1, 7, 8, 9, 10 National RSV-associated
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