Voiding Function and DysfunctionAn Epidemiologic Study of Voiding and Bowel Habits in Korean Children: A Nationwide Multicenter Study
Section snippets
Material and Methods
A randomly selected cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire in 26 kindergartens and 27 elementary schools nationwide in the Republic of Korea from October to December 2006. A total of 19 240 children aged 5-13 years of age were included in the study. Parents or guardians were asked to complete a questionnaire, which requested information on demographic factors, such as, date of birth, gender, school, address, age of attaining bladder and bowel
Results
We collected data on 16 516 children, 8260 boys, and 8256 girls (a response rate of 85.8%: 16 516/19 240).
Comment
Voiding and bowel dysfunction describes a wide spectrum of disorders that involve abnormal urinary or defecation patterns,7 which are not usually recognized before daytime bladder and bowel control have been achieved.8 Furthermore, available literature show an increase in the prevalence rates of voiding dysfunction over recent years.9, 10
A positive association between voiding and gastrointestinal disorders has been described in many articles.1, 2 Although many reports suggest a link between
Conclusions
The present study is the first large nationwide study on the prevalence of age-related voiding and bowel habits in Korea. The overall rates of DVS, ABH, and both in 5-13 years old children were found to be 46.4%, 31.3%, and 18.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of enuresis in Korea was found to be similar to those reported in other Asian countries. This study demonstrates that delayed stool control, a history of UTI, a low paternal education level, a double-income family, and a lower
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