Características psicosociales de los niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Psychosocial characteristics of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
M.aJ. Martínez Chamorroaa, I. Lastra Martínezb,
, C. Luzuriaga Tomásc
Autor para correspondencia
dmedica@mennisant.com
Correspondencia: Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Avda. de Cantabria, 52. 39012 Santander.
Correspondencia: Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Avda. de Cantabria, 52. 39012 Santander.
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"apellidos" => "Martínez Chamorroa" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Lastra Martínez" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "dmedica@mennisant.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Luzuriaga Tomás" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Equipo de Atención Primaria Herrera del Duque Badajoz." "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Santander." "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander." "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Avda. de Cantabria, 52. 39012 Santander." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Psychosocial characteristics of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2001-05-31" "fechaAceptado" => "2001-06-30" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec186818" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Diabetes" 1 => "Ansiedad" 2 => "Depresión" 3 => "Trastornos de la alimentación" 4 => "Ajuste social" 5 => "Autoconcepto" 6 => "Comportamiento" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec186819" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Diabetes" 1 => "Anxiety" 2 => "Depression" 3 => "Eating disorders" 4 => "Social adjustment" 5 => "Self-concept" 6 => "Behavior" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer los patrones de ajuste psicosocial de niños y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1 comparados con niños sanos a través de escalas estandarizadas.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y métodos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se compararon 81 niños y adolescentes (8-18 años) procedentes de una consulta externa de endocrinología pediátrica con un grupo control escogido aleatoriamente (n 5 162) apareado por sexo, edad y nivel de escolarización. Se obtuvo información acerca de variables clínicas, sociofamiliares, de autoimagen/autoestima, estado y cambio de salud, así como un cribado de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Además, se evaluaron los síntomas depresivos, ansiosos, conductuales y de adaptación psicosocial.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Entre los sujetos con diabetes, existe una peor autoimagen/ autoestima, lo que se relaciona con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad. No existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la percepción del estado de salud y de su cambio, así como en la sintomatología ansiosa entre casos y controles. Las diferencias encontradas en el nivel de sintomatología depresiva o en escalas de inadaptación personal, social y escolar no se relacionaban con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad. No se encontraron alteraciones conductuales significativas en el grupo de casos.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los niños y adolescentes con diabetes muestran un ajuste psicosocial adecuado y no presentan mayores grados de ansiedad o depresión por sufrir la enfermedad, aunque sí una peor autoestima.</p>" ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the psychological and social adjustment patterns of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared with those of a control sample through standardized tests.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We compared a sample of 81 children and adolescents, aged 8-18 years, from a pediatric outpatient endocrinology unit with a randomized control group (n 5 162), paired by sex, age and school year. Information on clinical, social and family variables, self-image and self-esteem, health and expectations of change in health status, as well as screening for eating disorders, was collected. Symptoms of depression and anxiety, behavior, and psychosocial adjustment were also evaluated.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children and adolescents with diabetes showed lower self-esteem and poorer self-image than controls. No statistical differences were found in health status and expectations of change or in anxiety symptoms between cases and controls. Differences in depressive symptoms or in personal, social and scholastic adjustment showed no relationship with diabetic status. No significant behavioral disorders were found among the cases.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes show appropriate psychosocial adjustment and do not present higher levels of anxiety and depression than healthy controls. They do, however, show lower self-esteem.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:40 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The Child Health Questionnaire in children with diabetes: cross-sectional survey of parent and adolescent-reported functional health status" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Wake" 1 => "K. Hesketh" 2 => "F. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2024 Octubre | 39 | 69 | 108 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 35 | 57 | 92 |
| 2024 Agosto | 41 | 78 | 119 |
| 2024 Julio | 36 | 49 | 85 |
| 2024 Junio | 40 | 38 | 78 |
| 2024 Mayo | 39 | 47 | 86 |
| 2024 Abril | 36 | 50 | 86 |
| 2024 Marzo | 34 | 64 | 98 |
| 2024 Febrero | 30 | 40 | 70 |
| 2024 Enero | 31 | 37 | 68 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 26 | 40 | 66 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 38 | 34 | 72 |
| 2023 Octubre | 26 | 47 | 73 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 22 | 47 | 69 |
| 2023 Agosto | 28 | 30 | 58 |
| 2023 Julio | 32 | 55 | 87 |
| 2023 Junio | 37 | 43 | 80 |
| 2023 Mayo | 61 | 38 | 99 |
| 2023 Abril | 42 | 40 | 82 |
| 2023 Marzo | 41 | 51 | 92 |
| 2023 Febrero | 44 | 29 | 73 |
| 2023 Enero | 40 | 44 | 84 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 50 | 19 | 69 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 63 | 62 | 125 |
| 2022 Octubre | 76 | 52 | 128 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 57 | 34 | 91 |
| 2022 Agosto | 52 | 49 | 101 |
| 2022 Julio | 51 | 50 | 101 |
| 2022 Junio | 49 | 46 | 95 |
| 2022 Mayo | 67 | 68 | 135 |
| 2022 Abril | 62 | 43 | 105 |
| 2022 Marzo | 70 | 61 | 131 |
| 2022 Febrero | 71 | 63 | 134 |
| 2022 Enero | 93 | 61 | 154 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 60 | 74 | 134 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 77 | 56 | 133 |
| 2021 Octubre | 90 | 59 | 149 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 102 | 57 | 159 |
| 2021 Agosto | 90 | 49 | 139 |
| 2021 Julio | 94 | 42 | 136 |
| 2021 Junio | 118 | 49 | 167 |
| 2021 Mayo | 145 | 42 | 187 |
| 2021 Abril | 375 | 95 | 470 |
| 2021 Marzo | 247 | 40 | 287 |
| 2021 Febrero | 244 | 52 | 296 |
| 2021 Enero | 154 | 28 | 182 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 168 | 22 | 190 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 162 | 27 | 189 |
| 2020 Octubre | 193 | 20 | 213 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 108 | 9 | 117 |
| 2020 Agosto | 118 | 15 | 133 |
| 2020 Julio | 98 | 13 | 111 |
| 2020 Junio | 95 | 9 | 104 |
| 2020 Mayo | 93 | 28 | 121 |
| 2020 Abril | 63 | 15 | 78 |
| 2020 Marzo | 62 | 17 | 79 |
| 2020 Febrero | 61 | 25 | 86 |
| 2020 Enero | 73 | 23 | 96 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 100 | 25 | 125 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 67 | 12 | 79 |
| 2019 Octubre | 54 | 16 | 70 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 39 | 32 | 71 |
| 2019 Agosto | 33 | 20 | 53 |
| 2019 Julio | 40 | 35 | 75 |
| 2019 Junio | 42 | 45 | 87 |
| 2019 Mayo | 59 | 28 | 87 |
| 2019 Abril | 57 | 36 | 93 |
| 2019 Marzo | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| 2019 Febrero | 28 | 17 | 45 |
| 2019 Enero | 30 | 14 | 44 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 41 | 27 | 68 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 47 | 19 | 66 |
| 2018 Octubre | 53 | 25 | 78 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 26 | 10 | 36 |
| 2018 Agosto | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 Julio | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 Mayo | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2018 Abril | 15 | 0 | 15 |
| 2018 Marzo | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2018 Febrero | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2018 Enero | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 27 | 0 | 27 |
| 2017 Octubre | 19 | 0 | 19 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2017 Agosto | 15 | 0 | 15 |
| 2017 Julio | 19 | 1 | 20 |
| 2017 Junio | 29 | 15 | 44 |
| 2017 Mayo | 33 | 17 | 50 |
| 2017 Abril | 23 | 20 | 43 |
| 2017 Marzo | 30 | 5 | 35 |
| 2017 Febrero | 21 | 8 | 29 |
| 2017 Enero | 16 | 14 | 30 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 11 | 6 | 17 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2016 Octubre | 33 | 24 | 57 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 34 | 13 | 47 |
| 2016 Agosto | 50 | 27 | 77 |
| 2016 Julio | 20 | 23 | 43 |
| 2016 Junio | 0 | 21 | 21 |
| 2016 Mayo | 0 | 28 | 28 |
| 2016 Abril | 0 | 35 | 35 |
| 2016 Marzo | 0 | 24 | 24 |
| 2016 Febrero | 0 | 20 | 20 |
| 2016 Enero | 1 | 25 | 26 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 2 | 12 | 14 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 0 | 11 | 11 |
| 2015 Octubre | 1 | 22 | 23 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 5 | 23 | 28 |
| 2015 Agosto | 2 | 22 | 24 |
| 2015 Julio | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2015 Junio | 14 | 2 | 16 |
| 2015 Mayo | 13 | 17 | 30 |
| 2015 Abril | 17 | 16 | 33 |
| 2015 Marzo | 23 | 10 | 33 |
| 2015 Febrero | 25 | 10 | 35 |
| 2015 Enero | 18 | 4 | 22 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 26 | 2 | 28 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 16 | 2 | 18 |
| 2014 Octubre | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 21 | 4 | 25 |
| 2014 Agosto | 36 | 5 | 41 |
| 2014 Julio | 39 | 2 | 41 |
| 2014 Junio | 76 | 7 | 83 |
| 2014 Mayo | 78 | 6 | 84 |
| 2014 Abril | 68 | 4 | 72 |
| 2014 Marzo | 85 | 10 | 95 |
| 2014 Febrero | 61 | 13 | 74 |
| 2014 Enero | 57 | 8 | 65 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 68 | 10 | 78 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 82 | 10 | 92 |
| 2013 Octubre | 83 | 8 | 91 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 71 | 8 | 79 |
| 2013 Agosto | 80 | 14 | 94 |
| 2013 Julio | 44 | 6 | 50 |
| 2013 Junio | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| 2013 Mayo | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2013 Abril | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2013 Marzo | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2013 Febrero | 23 | 3 | 26 |
| 2013 Enero | 16 | 2 | 18 |
| 2012 Diciembre | 17 | 2 | 19 |
| 2012 Noviembre | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2012 Octubre | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2012 Septiembre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2001 Noviembre | 6599 | 0 | 6599 |
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