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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer los patrones de ajuste psicosocial de ni&#241;os y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1 comparados con ni&#241;os sanos a trav&#233;s de escalas estandarizadas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se compararon 81 ni&#241;os y adolescentes &#40;8-18 a&#241;os&#41; procedentes de una consulta externa de endocrinolog&#237;a pedi&#225;trica con un grupo control escogido aleatoriamente &#40;n 5 162&#41; apareado por sexo&#44; edad y nivel de escolarizaci&#243;n&#46; Se obtuvo informaci&#243;n acerca de variables cl&#237;nicas&#44; sociofamiliares&#44; de autoimagen&#47;autoestima&#44; estado y cambio de salud&#44; as&#237; como un cribado de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; se evaluaron los s&#237;ntomas depresivos&#44; ansiosos&#44; conductuales y de adaptaci&#243;n psicosocial&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Entre los sujetos con diabetes&#44; existe una peor autoimagen&#47; autoestima&#44; lo que se relaciona con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad&#46; No existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la percepci&#243;n del estado de salud y de su cambio&#44; as&#237; como en la sintomatolog&#237;a ansiosa entre casos y controles&#46; Las diferencias encontradas en el nivel de sintomatolog&#237;a depresiva o en escalas de inadaptaci&#243;n personal&#44; social y escolar no se relacionaban con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad&#46; No se encontraron alteraciones conductuales significativas en el grupo de casos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los ni&#241;os y adolescentes con diabetes muestran un ajuste psicosocial adecuado y no presentan mayores grados de ansiedad o depresi&#243;n por sufrir la enfermedad&#44; aunque s&#237; una peor autoestima&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the psychological and social adjustment patterns of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared with those of a control sample through standardized tests&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We compared a sample of 81 children and adolescents&#44; aged 8-18 years&#44; from a pediatric outpatient endocrinology unit with a randomized control group &#40;n 5 162&#41;&#44; paired by sex&#44; age and school year&#46; Information on clinical&#44; social and family variables&#44; self-image and self-esteem&#44; health and expectations of change in health status&#44; as well as screening for eating disorders&#44; was collected&#46; Symptoms of depression and anxiety&#44; behavior&#44; and psychosocial adjustment were also evaluated&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children and adolescents with diabetes showed lower self-esteem and poorer self-image than controls&#46; No statistical differences were found in health status and expectations of change or in anxiety symptoms between cases and controls&#46; Differences in depressive symptoms or in personal&#44; social and scholastic adjustment showed no relationship with diabetic status&#46; No significant behavioral disorders were found among the cases&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes show appropriate psychosocial adjustment and do not present higher levels of anxiety and depression than healthy controls&#46; They do&#44; however&#44; show lower self-esteem&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 55. Núm. 5.
Páginas 406-412 (noviembre 2001)
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Vol. 55. Núm. 5.
Páginas 406-412 (noviembre 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Características psicosociales de los niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Psychosocial characteristics of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Visitas
17252
M.aJ. Martínez Chamorroaa, I. Lastra Martínezb,
Autor para correspondencia
dmedica@mennisant.com

Correspondencia: Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Avda. de Cantabria, 52. 39012 Santander.
, C. Luzuriaga Tomásc
a Equipo de Atención Primaria Herrera del Duque Badajoz.
b Centro Hospitalario Padre Menni. Santander.
c Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander.
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Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Objetivos

Conocer los patrones de ajuste psicosocial de niños y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1 comparados con niños sanos a través de escalas estandarizadas.

Material y métodos

Se compararon 81 niños y adolescentes (8-18 años) procedentes de una consulta externa de endocrinología pediátrica con un grupo control escogido aleatoriamente (n 5 162) apareado por sexo, edad y nivel de escolarización. Se obtuvo información acerca de variables clínicas, sociofamiliares, de autoimagen/autoestima, estado y cambio de salud, así como un cribado de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Además, se evaluaron los síntomas depresivos, ansiosos, conductuales y de adaptación psicosocial.

Resultados

Entre los sujetos con diabetes, existe una peor autoimagen/ autoestima, lo que se relaciona con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad. No existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la percepción del estado de salud y de su cambio, así como en la sintomatología ansiosa entre casos y controles. Las diferencias encontradas en el nivel de sintomatología depresiva o en escalas de inadaptación personal, social y escolar no se relacionaban con el hecho de sufrir la enfermedad. No se encontraron alteraciones conductuales significativas en el grupo de casos.

Conclusiones

Los niños y adolescentes con diabetes muestran un ajuste psicosocial adecuado y no presentan mayores grados de ansiedad o depresión por sufrir la enfermedad, aunque sí una peor autoestima.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes
Ansiedad
Depresión
Trastornos de la alimentación
Ajuste social
Autoconcepto
Comportamiento
Objectives

To determine the psychological and social adjustment patterns of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared with those of a control sample through standardized tests.

Material and methods

We compared a sample of 81 children and adolescents, aged 8-18 years, from a pediatric outpatient endocrinology unit with a randomized control group (n 5 162), paired by sex, age and school year. Information on clinical, social and family variables, self-image and self-esteem, health and expectations of change in health status, as well as screening for eating disorders, was collected. Symptoms of depression and anxiety, behavior, and psychosocial adjustment were also evaluated.

Results

Children and adolescents with diabetes showed lower self-esteem and poorer self-image than controls. No statistical differences were found in health status and expectations of change or in anxiety symptoms between cases and controls. Differences in depressive symptoms or in personal, social and scholastic adjustment showed no relationship with diabetic status. No significant behavioral disorders were found among the cases.

Conclusions

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes show appropriate psychosocial adjustment and do not present higher levels of anxiety and depression than healthy controls. They do, however, show lower self-esteem.

Key words:
Diabetes
Anxiety
Depression
Eating disorders
Social adjustment
Self-concept
Behavior
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