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Vol. 56. Issue 4.
Pages 347-352 (01 April 2002)
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Vol. 56. Issue 4.
Pages 347-352 (01 April 2002)
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Deleción de timina en posición 2298 en el exón 5 del receptor androgénico como responsable de insensibilidad completa a los andrógenos
Deletion of thymine at position 2298 in exon 5 of the androgenic receptor gene causing complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
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L. Soriano Guilléna, M.aT. Muñoz Calvoa,*, J. Martínez Péreza, J. Pozo Romána, M.aA. Martín Sobrinoa, I. González Medeirob, J. Argente Olivera
a Secciones de Endocrinología
b Secciones de Anatomía Patológica. Departamento de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Infantil del Niño Jesús. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
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Antecedentes

El síndrome de insensibilidad a los andrógenos es un trastorno de la diferenciación sexual masculina de herencia ligada al cromosoma X, causada por mutaciones en el gen del receptor androgénico, con variabilidad en el fenotipo

Objetivo

Estudiar el gen del receptor androgénico de dos pacientes primas hermanas afectadas de insensibilidad completa a los andrógenos

Pacientes y métodos

Se presentan 2 pacientes que consultan por amenorrea primaria. El fenotipo y los genitales externos eran femeninos. La realización de ecografía pélvica demostró ausencia de útero y de genitales internos femeninos. El cariotipo de ambas pacientes fue 46 XY, por lo que se sometieron a gonadectomía bilateral. El estudio anatomopatológico confirmó que las gónadas eran testículos

Con la sospecha de insensibilidad a los andrógenos se realizó el estudio molecular del gen del receptor androgénico

Resultados

Ambas pacientes eran portadoras de una mutación consistente en una deleción de una timina en posición 2298 en el exón 5 del gen del receptor androgénico (codón CCT para la prolina 766). Esta mutación es la responsable del fenotipo de estas pacientes

Conclusiones

El diagnóstico de confirmación del síndrome insensibilidad a los andrógenos radica en la detección de mutaciones en el gen del receptor androgénico, aunque existe relación escasa entre genotipo y fenotipo. Además, debemos realizar en niñas familiares de primer grado cariotipo, y estudio del receptor androgénico para la detección de portadoras de mutaciones que no presentan insensibilidad periférica a los andrógenos

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de insensibilidad a los andrógenos
Gen del receptor androgénico
Background

Androgen insensitivity syndrome is an X-linked disorder of male sexual differentiation caused by mutations in the androgen receptor gene and resulting in a wide range of phenotypes

Objective

To study the androgen receptor gene in two cousins with androgen insensitivity syndrome

Patients and methods

We present two patients who attended our clinic for primary amenorrhea. The phenotype and external genitalia were female. Pelvic ultrasonography showed the absence of uterus and female internal genitalia. In both patients the karyotype was 46 XY and consequently both patients underwent bilateral gonadectomy. Histological examination confirmed that the gonads were testes. Molecular study of the androgen receptor gene was performed to confirm androgen insensitivity syndrome

Results

Both patients showed a thymine deletion in exon 5 at nucleotide 2298 (codon CCT for proline 766) of the androgen receptor gene, causing their phenotype

Conclusions

To confirm androgen insensitivity syndrome, the androgen receptor gene should be analyzed for mutations, although the relationship between genotype and phenotype is weak. To detect carriers of the mutation, karyotyping and study of the androgen receptor gene should be performed in girls who are first relatives of the probands

Key words:
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Androgen receptor gene
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Copyright © 2002. Asociación Española de Pediatría
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