Información de la revista
Vol. 55. Núm. 1.
Páginas 39-44 (Julio 2001)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 55. Núm. 1.
Páginas 39-44 (Julio 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Inmunoprofilaxis activa después del trasplante alogénico de progenitores hemopoyéticos en pacientes pediátricos
Active Immune-Prophylaxis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Transplantation In Pediatric Patients
Visitas
7100
M. Ortín de Miguela,
Autor para correspondencia
miguel.ortin@talk21.com

Correspondencia: Consultant Paediatric Haematologist. Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology. The Royal Marsden Hospital. Downs Road. Sutton (Surrey) SM2 5PT. Reino Unido.
, E. Bureo Dacalb, C. Bonilla Mierac, M.J. Lozano de la Torre yd, A. Zubizarreta Ypiñab
a Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. Department of Haematology and Oncology. The Birmingham Children’s Hospital. Reino Unido.
b Servicios de Hematología Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander.
c Consejería de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social del Gobierno de Cantabria.
d Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander.
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo

Existen diferentes evidencias de la desaparición de inmunidad frente a las enfermedades para las que existe inmunoprofilaxis activa, tras un trasplante alogénico de medula ósea. Estos hallazgos no constituyen sólo un problema epidemiológico. Desde un punto de vista estrictamente clínico, estos pacientes podrían beneficiarse de la administración de determinadas formas de vacunas frente a enfermedades a las que son especialmente susceptibles. Sin embargo, no existe en la actualidad una pauta unificada para la revacunación de estos pacientes. Más aún, diferentes encuestas sugieren que la inmunoprofilaxis activa es con frecuencia infravalorada en estos pacientes.

En la presente revisión, se pretende ofrecer tanto una información actualizada sobre las actuales tendencias, omo una guía práctica para la reinmunización de estos pacientes de acuerdo con las necesidades de nuestro medio.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante de medula ósea
Vacuna
Inmunoprofilaxis
Calendario vacunal
Enfermedades infecciosas
Niños
Adolescentes
Lactante
Enfermedad de injerto contra huésped

There is considerable evidence supporting the disappearance of immunity against diseases for which there is active immune-prophylaxis available after allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. These findings do not constitute merely an epidemiologic problem. From a strictly clinical point of view, these patients might benefit from the administration of different forms of vaccines against diseases to which they are particularly susceptible. There are, however, no unified criteria for the revaccination of these patients. Moreover, several surveys suggest that active immune-prophylaxis is frequently undervalued in these patients. In the present review, we provide up-to-date information on current trends as well as practical guidelines for the re-immunization of these patients in our environment.

Key words:
Bone marrow transplantation
Vaccine
Immunoprophylaxis
Immunization schedule
Infectious diseases
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
K.J. Henning, M.H. White, K.A. Sepkowitz, D. Armstrong.
A national survey of immunization practices following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Jama, 277 (1997), pp. 1148-1511
[2.]
P. Ljungman, C. Cordonnier, R. De Bock, H. Einsele, D. Engelhard, J. Grundy, et al.
Immunisations after bone marrow transplantation: Results of a european survey and recomendations from the infectious diseases working party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 15 (1995), pp. 455-460
[3.]
R. De la Cámara, C. Bischofberger, M. Campins, E. Carreras.
Inmunización postrasplante de progenitores hemopoyéticos: revisión y recomendaciones.
Med Clin, 110 (1998), pp. 146-155
[4.]
M.M. Georgescu, F. Delpeyroux, M. Tardy-Panit, J. Balanant, M. Combiescu, A.A. Combiescu, et al.
High diversity of poliovirus strains isolated from the central nervous system from patients with vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis.
J Virol, 68 (1994), pp. 8089-8101
[5.]
Comité Asesor de Vacunas. Manual de Vacunas en Pediatría, 1.aed. Asociación Española de Pediatría, 1997.
[6.]
D. Engelhard, R. Handsher, E. Naparstek, I. Hardan, N. Strauss, M. Aker, et al.
Immune response to polio vaccination in bone marrow transplant recipients.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 8 (1991), pp. 295-300
[7.]
T. Parkkali, T. Ruutu, M. Stenvik, T. Kuronen, H. Kayhty, T. Hovi, et al.
Loss of protective immunity to polio, diphteria and Haemophilus influenzae type b after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Apmis, 104 (1996), pp. 383-388
[8.]
S. Li Volti, L. Mauro, F. Di Gregorio, M.A. Romeo, L. Lupo, G. Pizzarelli, et al.
Immune status and immune response to diphteriatetanus and polio vaccines in allogeneic bone marrow-transplanted thalassemic patients.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 14 (1994), pp. 225-227
[9.]
T. Parkkali, M. Stenvik, T. Ruutu, T. Hovi, L. Volin, P. Ruutu.
Randomized comparison of early and late vaccination with inacti-vated poliovirus vaccine after allogeneic BMT.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 20 (1997), pp. 663-668
[10.]
S.M. King, E.F. Saunders, M. Petric, R. Gold.
Response to measles, mumps and rubella vaccine in paediatric bone marrow transplant recipients.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 17 (1996), pp. 663
[11.]
P. Ljungman, E. Fridell, B. Lonnqvist, P. Bolme, M. Bottiger, G. Gahrton, et al.
Efficacy and safety of vaccination of marrow transplant recipients with a live attenuated measles, mumps and rubella vaccine.
J Infect Dis, 159 (1989), pp. 610-615
[12.]
G.A. Colditz, C.S. Berkey, F. Mosteller, T.F. Brewer, M.E. Wilson, E. Wilson, et al.
The efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination of newborns and infants in the prevention of tuberculosis: Meta-Analyses of the published literature.
Pediatrics, 96 (1995), pp. 29-35
[13.]
R. Skinner, A.L. Appleton, M.S. Sprott, M.R. Barer, J.G. Magee, P.J. Darbyshire, et al.
Disseminated BCG infection in severe combinedimmunodeficiency presenting with severe anaemia and associated with gross hypersplenism after bone marrow transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 17 (1996), pp. 880-887
[14.]
J.L. Stephan, V. Vlekova, F. Le Deist, S. Blanche, J. Donadieu, G. De Saint-Basile, et al.
Severe combined immunodeficiency: a retrospective single-center study of clinical presentation and outcome in 117 patients.
J Pediatr, 123 (1993), pp. 564-572
[15.]
Grupo de trabajo sobre tuberculosis. Consenso nacional para elcontrol de la tuberculosis en España.
Med Clin, 98 (1992), pp. 24-31
[16.]
B.K. Mandal.
Herpes zoster and the immunocompromised.
J Infection, 14 (1987), pp. 1-5
[17.]
A. Sauerbrey, J. Prager, U. Hengst, F. Zintl, P. Wutzler.
Varicella vaccination in children after bone marrow transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 20 (1997), pp. 381-383
[18.]
J. Prager, A. Baumert, W. Thilo, J. Hermann, D. Fuchs, A. Sauerbrey, et al.
The kinetics of vaccine antibodies against tetanus toxoid, diphteria toxoid, measles virus, poliomyelitis virus andpneumococcus after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and revaccination. 3: The kinetics of vaccine antibodies against tetanus toxoid and diphteria toxoid after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation and combined revaccination against diphteria and tetanus.
Kinderarztl Prax, 60 (1992), pp. 230-238
[19.]
T. Parkkali, R.M. Olander, T. Ruutu, K. Vuontela, L. Volin, J. Eskola, et al.
A randomized comparison between early and late vaccination with tetanus toxoid vaccine after allogeneic BMT.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 19 (1997), pp. 933-938
[20.]
D.M. Ambrosino.
Impaired polysaccharide responses in immunodeficient patients: relevance to bone marrow transplant patients.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 7 (1997), pp. 48-51
[21.]
J.E. Lortan, A. Vellodi, E.S. Jurges, K. Hugh-Jones.
Class –and subclass– specific pneumococcal antibody levels and response to immunization after bone marrow transplantation.
Clin Exp Immunol, 88 (1992), pp. 512-519
[22.]
M.A. Avanzini, A.M. Carra, R. Maccario, M. Zecca, P. Pignatti, M. Marconi, et al.
Antibody response to pneumococcal vaccine in children receiving bone marrow transplantation.
J Clin Immunol, 15 (1995), pp. 137-144
[23.]
T. Parkkali, H. Kayhty, T. Ruutu, L. Violin, J. Eskola, P. Ruutu.
A comparison of early and late vaccination with Haemophilusinfluenzae tipe b conjugate and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines after allogeneic BMT.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 18 (1996), pp. 961-967
[24.]
V. Hammarstrom, K. Pauksen, J. Azinge, G. Oberg, P. Ljungman.
Pneumococcal immunity and response to immunization with pneumococcal vaccine in bone marrow transplant patients: The influence of graft versus host reaction.
Support Care Cancer, 1 (1993), pp. 195-199
[25.]
E.C. Guinan, D.C. Molrine, J.H. Antin, M.C. Lee, H.J. Weinstein, S.E. Sallan, et al.
Polisaccharide conjugate vaccine responses in bone marrow transplant recipients.
Transplantation, 57 (1994), pp. 677-684
[26.]
A. Barra, C. Cordonnier, M.P. Preziosi, L. Intrator, L. Hessel, B. Fritzell, et al.
Immunogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in allogeneic bone marrow recipients.
J Infect Dis, 166 (1992), pp. 1021-1028
[27.]
S. Li Volti, F. Di Gregorio, M.A. Romeo, A. Cannella, G. Pizzarelli, A. Sciacca, et al.
Immune status and the immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in thalassemic patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 19 (1997), pp. 157-160
[28.]
D. Shouval, R. Adler, Y. Ilan.
Adoptive transfer of immunity to hepatitis B virus in mice by bone marrow transplantation from immune donors.
Hepatology, 17 (1993), pp. 955-959
[29.]
Y. Ilan, A. Nagler, D. Shouval, A. Ackerstein, R. Or, J. Kapelushnik, et al.
Development of antibodies to hepatitis B virus surface antigen in bone marrow transplant recipients following treatment with peripheral blood lymphocytes from immunized donors.
Clin Exp Immunol, 97 (1994), pp. 299-302
[30.]
D. Engelhard, A. Nagler, I. Hardan, A. Morag, M. Aker, H. Baciu, et al.
Antibody response to a two-dose regimen of influenza vaccine in allogeneic T cell-depleted and autologous BMT recipients.
Bone Marrow Transplant, 11 (1993), pp. 1-5
Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?