Información de la revista
Vol. 54. Núm. 1.
Páginas 69-73 (Enero 2001)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 54. Núm. 1.
Páginas 69-73 (Enero 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Procalcitonina: un nuevo marcador de infección bacteriana
Procalcitonin. A new marker for bacterial infection
Visitas
35091
J. Casado Floresa,
Autor para correspondencia
jcasadof@line_pro.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Hospital Universitario del Niño Jesús. Avda. Menéndez Pelayo, 65. 28009 Madrid
, A. Blanco Quirósb
a Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Hospital Universitario del Niño Jesús. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
b Área de Pediatría. Universidad de Valladolid
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo

La procalcitonina (PCT) es un polipéptido sérico que se encuentra en el plasma en cantidades mínimas (, 0,5 ng/ml) y se eleva intensamente a las pocas horas de la administración de endotoxina en voluntarios humanos, así como en las infecciones bacterianas sistémicas graves (sepsis, shock séptico y meningitis).

La PCT aumenta moderadamente en las infecciones bacterianas localizadas (neumonía y pielonefritis) y no se modifica ni en las infecciones víricas, ni en la colonización bacteriana. El incremento de la PCT aparece en las infecciones bacterianas graves de los recién nacidos, lactantes, niños mayores y adultos, siendo en la actualidad el mejor marcador de infección bacteriana, mejor que la fórmula y recuento leucocitario, interleucinas o proteína C reactiva. Este último puede ser normal en la primera fase de la sepsis grave, y puede incrementarse también en algunas infecciones víricas.

Nosotros hemos comprobado en 54 niños con sepsis grave que los valores plasmáticos de PCT están correlacionados con el número de fármacos vasoactivos empleados para el soporte cardiocirculatorio.

La PCT puede determinarse de manera semicuantitativa en la cabecera del enfermo en cualquier momento y en cualquier hospital sin necesidad de aparatos de medida, utilizando un sencillo test, que permite en menos de 30 min discernir el tipo de infección y la indicación o no de antibioterapia.

Palabras clave:
rocalcitonina
Sepsis
Shock séptico
Meningitis
Infección bacteriana

Procalcitonin is a polypeptide present in the plasma of healthy subjects in minimal levels (, 0.5 ng/ml). Serum procalcitonin is markedly increased a few hours after the administration of endotoxin to human volunteers and in invasive bacterial infection (sepsis, septic shock, meningitis). Procalcitonin is moderately increased in local bacterial infection (pneumonia, pyelonephritis) and is unchanged in viral infections or bacterial colonization. Procalcitonin is increased in serious bacterial infections in neonates, children and adults and is currently the best diagnostic marker of severe bacterial infection, being better than leukocyte, interleukin or C-reactive protein counts. C-reactive protein levels can be normal in severe sepsis and some viral infections. We studied 54 children with sepsis in whom plasma procalcitonin levels showed a positive correlation with the vasoactive drugs necessary to maintain cardiovascular activity. The semiquantitative procalcitonin test is simple and easy to use at the bedside at any time and in any hospital as no instruments are required. Within 30 minutes, the test identifies the type of infection and whether antibiotics are indicated.

Key words:
rocalcitonin
Sepsis
Sepsis shock
Meningitis
Bacterial infection
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliogrífia
[1.]
M. Assicot, D. Gendrel, H. Carsin, J. Raymond, J. Guilbaud, C. Bohuon.
High serum procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection.
Lancet, 341 (1993), pp. 515-518
[2.]
X. Säenz-Llorens, G.H. Mc Craken.
Sepsis syndrome and septic shock in pediatric: current concepts of terminology, pathophysiology, and management.
J Pediatr, 123 (1993), pp. 497-508
[3.]
X. Säenz-Llorens, F. Lagrutta.
The acute phase host reaction during bacterial infection and its clinical impact in children.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 12 (1993), pp. 83-87
[4.]
D.L. Jaye, K.B. Waites.
Clinical applications of C-reactive protein in pediatrics.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 16 (1997), pp. 735-747
[5.]
S.S. Braithwaite.
Procalcitonin. Marker, or mediator?.
Crit Care Med, 26 (1998), pp. 977-978
[6.]
P. Dandona, D. Nix, M.F. Wilson, A. Aljada, J. Love, M. Assicot, et al.
Procalcitonin increase after endotoxin infection in normal subjets.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93 (1994), pp. 54-58
[7.]
C. Monneret, B. Laroche, J. Bienvenu.
Procalcitonin is not produced by circulating blood cells.
Infection, 27 (1999), pp. 34-35
[8.]
M. Hatherill, S.M. Tibby, K. Sykes, C.h. Turner, I.A. Murdoch.
Diagnostic markers of infection: comparison of procalcitonin with C reactive protein and leukocyte count.
Arch Dis Child, 81 (1999), pp. 417-421
[9.]
C. Chiesa, A. Panero, N. Rossi, M. Stegagno, M. De Giusti, J.F. Osborne, et al.
Reliability of procalcitonin concentrations for the diagnosis of sepsis in critically ill neonates.
Clin Inf Dis, 26 (1998), pp. 664-672
[10.]
E.S. Nylen, K.T. Whang, R.H. Snider, P.M. Steinwald, J.C. White, K.L. Becker.
Mortality is increased by procalcitonin and decreased by an antiserum reactive to procalcitonin in experimental sepsis.
Crit Care Med, 26 (1998), pp. 1001-1006
[11.]
M.M. Pollack, U.E. Ruttimann, P.R. Getson.
The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRIMS) Score.
Crit Care Med, 16 (1988), pp. 1110-1116
[12.]
D. Gendrel, M. Assicot, J. Raymond, F. Moulin, C.h. Francourl, J. Badonal, et al.
Procalcitonin as a marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal infection.
J Pediatr, 128 (1996), pp. 570-573
[13.]
G. Monneret, J.M. Labaune, C. Isaac, F. Bienvenu, G. Putet, J. Bienvenu.
Pro CT and C-reactive protein levels in neonatal infections.
Acta Pediatr, 86 (1997), pp. 209-212
[14.]
C. Chiesa, L. Pacifico, N. Rossi, A. Panero, M. Matrunola, G. Mancuso.
Procalcitonin as marker of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Intensive Care Med, 26 (2000), pp. S175-S177
[15.]
H. Ugarte, E. Silva, D. Mercan, A. De Mendonça, J.L. Vicent.
Procalcitonin used as a marker of infection in the intensive care unit.
Crit Care Med, 27 (1998), pp. 498-504
[16.]
A. Viallon, F. Zeni, S. Laporte-Simitsidis, C. Venet, B. Tardy, Y. Page, et al.
Does serum procalcitonin predict poor outcome in patients admitted from emergency department with sepsis? Abstr.
Intensive Care Med, 25 (1999), pp. S75
[17.]
M. Marquez, J.M. Castillo, E. Tavares, C. Leon, A. Lesmes, F.J. Miñano.
Plasma procalcitonin IL-6, IL-6rs, TNF, y TNFsr as predictor of antimicrobial therapy in severe sepsis. Abstr.
Intensive Care Med, 25 (1999), pp. S76
[18.]
F.M. Brunkhorst, K. Wegscheider, Z.F. Foryck, R. Brunkhorst.
Procalcitonin for early diagnosis and differentiation of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock.
Intensive Care Med, 26 (2000), pp. S148-S152
[19.]
B. Al-Nawas, P.M. Shah.
Procalcitonin in patients with and without immunosuppression and sepsis.
Infection, 24 (1996), pp. 434-436
[20.]
Y. Gérard, D. Hober, M. Assicot, S. Alfandari, F. Ajana, J.M. Bourez, et al.
Procalcitonin as a marker of bacterial sepsis in patients infected with HIV-1.
J Infect, 35 (1997), pp. 41-46
[21.]
S.L. Kaplan.
Acute bacterial meningitis beyond the neonatal period.
Principles and practice of pediatric infections disease, pp. 307-314
[22.]
D. Gendrel, J. Raymond, M. Assicot, S. Avenel, H. Lefevre, S. Ravilly, et al.
Procalcitonine proteíne C-reactive et interleukine 6 dans les méningitis bactériennes et virales de l'enfant.
Presse Med, 27 (1998), pp. 1135-1139
[23.]
D. Gendrel, J. Raymond, M. Assicot, F. Moulin, J.L. Iniguez, P. Lebon, et al.
Measurement of procalcitonin levels in children with bacterial or viral meningitis.
Clin Infect Dis, 24 (1997), pp. 1240-1242
[24.]
M. Oberhoffer, S. Rubwurm, D. Bredle, K. Chatzinicolaou, K. Reinhart.
Discriminative power of inflammatory markers for prediction of tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 in ICU patients with syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis at arbitrary time points.
Intensive Care Med, 26 (2000), pp. S170-S174
[25.]
H. Pertola, M. Jaakkola.
C-reactive protein in early detection of bacteremic versus viral infection in immunocompetent and compromised children.
J Pediatr, 113 (1998), pp. 641-646
[26.]
L.O. Hansson, G. Axelsson, T. Linné, E. Aurelius, L. Lindquist.
Serum C-reactive protein in the differential diagnosis of acute meningitis.
Scand J Infect Dis, 25 (1993), pp. 625-630
[27.]
D. Gendrel, J. Raymond, J. Coste, F. Moulin, M. Lorrot, S. Guerin, et al.
Comparison of procalcitonin with C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and interferon-alpha for differentiation of bacterial vs viral infections.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 875-881
[28.]
A.R. Franz, M. Kron, F. Pohlandt, G. Steinbach.
Comparison of procalcitonin with interleukin 8, C-reactive protein and differential white blood cell count for the early diagnosis of bacterial infections in newborn infants.
Pediatr Infect Dis J, 18 (1999), pp. 666-671
[29.]
E. Ainbender, E.E. Cabatu, D.M. Guzman, A.Y. Sweet.
Serum C-reactive protein and problems of newborn infants.
J Pediatr, 101 (1982), pp. 438-440
[30.]
A. Lapillonne, E. Basson, G. Monneret, J. Bienvenu, S.P. Salle.
Lack of specificity of procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in premature infants.
Lancet, 351 (1998), pp. 1211-1212
[31.]
G. Fleischhack, D. Cipic, J. Juettner, C. Hasan, U. Bode.
Procalcitonin- a sensitive inflammation marker of febrile episodes in neutropenic children with cancer.
Intensive Care Med, 26 (2000), pp. S202-S211
[32.]
N. Benador, C-A Siegrist, D. Gendrel, C. Greder, D. Benador, M. Assicot, et al.
Procalcitonin is a marker of severity of renal lesion in pyelonephritis.
Pediatrics, 102 (1998), pp. 1422-1425
[33.]
F.M. Brunkhorst, O.K. Eberhard, R. Brunkhorst.
Discrimination of infectious and noninfectious causes of early acute respiratory distress syndrome by procalcitonin.
Crit Care Med, 27 (1999), pp. 2171-2176
Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Pediatría
Idiomas
Anales de Pediatría
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?